Sustainable Aviation Fuel: The Economic and Production Hurdles to Net-Zero Aviation

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By Oliver “The Data Decoder”

The global aviation industry is actively pursuing a sustainable future, with Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) emerging as a crucial component in its decarbonization strategy. Despite growing commitments, the transition faces significant hurdles, primarily concerning the limited availability and higher cost of these advanced fuels.

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) projects a doubling of SAF production by 2025, reaching an estimated 2 million tonnes. While this growth signals positive momentum, it will still constitute a mere 0.7% of airlines’ total fuel requirements. This relatively small volume is expected to add approximately $4.4 billion to the global aviation fuel bill, underscoring the financial implications of the shift. Willie Walsh, IATA’s Director General, has stressed the urgent need for accelerated progress in both production scaling and cost-efficiency improvements.

Navigating the Path to Net-Zero Emissions

The broader aviation sector committed in 2021 to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, a goal largely dependent on a gradual transition to SAF. This innovative fuel, derived from sources like waste oil and biomass, offers a more environmentally friendly alternative to conventional jet fuel.

However, the industry faces complex challenges in realizing this ambition. Airlines frequently find themselves in contention with energy companies over the scarce supply of SAF. Concurrently, they are also directing criticism towards major aircraft manufacturers, Airbus and Boeing, citing delays in the delivery of new, more fuel-efficient aircraft models that would further aid in reducing emissions and operational costs. The path to a sustainable aviation future requires concerted effort across the entire value chain.

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